Toyota 86
 | |
| Manufacturer | Subaru |
|---|---|
| Also called | Toyota GT-86 (Europe) Scion FR-S (USA) Subaru BRZ |
| Production | March 16, 2012 – present |
| Model years | 2012 – present |
| Assembly | Ōta, Gunma, Japan |
| Class | Sports car |
| Body style | 2-door coupé |
| Layout | Front-engine, rear-wheel drive |
| Platform | Collaborative Subaru and Toyota |
| Engine | 2.0L 4U-GSE / FA20 H4 |
| Transmission | 6-speed manual 6-speed automatic |
| Wheelbase | 2,570 mm (101.2 in) |
| Length | 4,240 mm (166.9 in) |
| Width | 1,775 mm (69.9 in) |
| Height | 1,285 mm (50.6 in) |
| Curb weight | Toyota 86/Subaru BRZ: 1,190 to 1,250 kg (2,620 to 2,760 lb) Scion FR-S: 1,180 kg (2,600 lb) |
The model will be sold under three different brands: Toyota (Toyota 86 in Japan and Australia[1] and Toyota GT-86 in Europe), Subaru (Subaru BRZ) and Scion (Scion FR-S). "86" (pronounced "eight-six" or Hachi-Roku (ハチロク)) refers to the Toyota AE86, a car sold in the 1980s. As such, the Toyota 86 has been named as the spiritual successor of the original AE86 during the press release of the 86. The Toyota and Scion have little distinguishing elements - the latter has cheaper pieces to reduce base price in the United States. The Subaru BRZ differs mainly in its front end, where the grille has an hexagonal shape versus an inverted trapezoid in the Toyota and Scion, along with the placement of the BRZ as the most luxurious variant of the platform, with more standard features and a higher suggested price than the Toyota-marketed versions.[citation needed]
It was first presented as a concept car at the October 2009 Tokyo Motor Show under the name Toyota FT-86, FT being shorthand for "Future Toyota". Later, a high-performance version was launched at the January 2010 Tokyo Auto Salon as the Toyota FT-86 G Sports. At the 2011 Geneva Motor Show, a third concept car was shown, the Toyota FT-86 II. The BRZ and FR-S also had their concept cars, the Subaru BRZ Concept STI and the Scion FR-S Concept. The production version of the 86, BRZ and FR-S were unveiled at the 2011 Tokyo Motor Show.
Initially, the 86 and sister models will feature a Subaru-sourced naturally aspirated 2.0 L flat-4 boxer gasoline engine (Toyota engine code 4U-GSE, Subaru engine code FA20) that will deliver 200 PS (147 kW; 197 hp) that includes a direct injection system from Toyota. The model will be offered with two six-speed transmissions: a manual and an automatic with paddle shifters. The weight of the 86 is 1,180 to 1,250 kilograms (2,600 to 2,760 lb) depending on specification and equipment. [2]
FT-86
 |
|
| Production | 2009 |
|---|---|
| Layout | FR |
| Platform | shortened Subaru Impreza |
| Engine | 2.0 L Toyota-Subaru "D-4S" Flat-4 |
| Transmission | 6 speed manual |
| Wheelbase | 2,570 mm (101.2 in) |
| Length | 4,160 mm (163.8 in) |
| Width | 1,760 mm (69.3 in) |
| Height | 1,260 mm (49.6 in) |
Originally, Subaru had rejected the plans of a rear wheel drive sports coupe, due to the rear wheel drive set up, and Subaru did not want to be part of the project, dominately selling all wheel drive vehicles. Subaru also felt that Toyota did not have what it took to build a proper sports car. However, Subaru did plan to provide the engine. Eventually the project came to a 6 month halt and was suspended before being revived again. Toyota eventually invited journalist and Subaru engineers to a vehicle test of its first 2008 prototype to show what it was capable of, which is believed to be one reason that Subaru changed their minds, being impressed with what they saw. This prototype led to the development of the FT-86 which was revealed in 2009. [7]
The production model will be called the Toyota GT 86 (Toyota 86 in Japan). The base price will be US$24,200 with a 6-speed manual transmission when the car hits the United States market, where it will be called the Scion FR-S, with the Subaru version following shortly afterwards.[8]
It is expected that the Toyota and Subaru versions will be styled similarly on the outside, with the Subaru version getting different head and tail lights and a different hood. It has a 2.0 litre naturally aspirated boxer engine mated to a Subaru 6-speed manual transmission.[9] The concept is fitted with brakes from Advics, a joint venture company formed between Aisin Seiki, Denso, Sumitomo Electric and Toyota.
According to chief engineer Tetsuya Tada, the unique shoujyouhi red colour was based on the colour of a Japanese monkey's backside.[10]
The FT-86 was first shown at the October 2009 Tokyo Motor Show[11] and the first showing outside of Japan was at the March 2010 Geneva Motor Show.[12]
An enhanced version called the FT-86 G Sports was shown at the January 2010 Tokyo Auto Salon as part of the Toyota G Sports range. Toyota Europe presented a revised FT-86 II at the March 2011 Geneva Motor Show as the successor to the FT-86.
At the October 2009 Tokyo Motor Show, Jim Lentz, COO and President of Toyota Motor Sales USA confirmed that the production version of the FT-86 is scheduled to be sold in America but an actual date was not yet disclosed.[13] At the March 2010 Geneva Motor Show, Toyota Europe announced that the production version of the vehicle will be released in November 2011.[14]
On 2 September 2010, British car magazine AutoExpress [15] reported the Subaru model will feature an all-wheel drive drivetrain as opposed to the salient feature of rear-wheel drive for the Toyota-badged model. They claimed the Subaru model's all-wheel drive system would have a rear-wheel bias, improving handling. The flat-four, longitudinal engine layout would also be fully coherent with the model policy and mechanical characteristics of all Subaru cars of the past 30 years.
More recent reporting indicates the Subaru version will not have the advantage of turbocharging to give it the power necessary for sporting performance. It may not have all-wheel drive.[16]
FT-86 G Sports
 |
|
| Production | 2010 |
|---|---|
| Body style | 3-door hatchback |
| Length | 4,190 mm (165.0 in) |
| Width | 1,780 mm (70.1 in) |
| Height | 1,230 mm (48.4 in) |
FT-86 II
 |
|
| Production | 2011 |
|---|---|
| Length | 4,235 mm (166.7 in) |
| Width | 1,795 mm (70.7 in) |
| Height | 1,270 mm (50.0 in) |
Scion FR-S
 |
|
| Manufacturer | Toyota and Subaru |
|---|---|
| Production | 2011 |
| Class | Sport |
| Body style | 2+2 fast back |
| Platform | FR |
| Engine | 2.0 L Flat-4 Toyota-Subaru "D-4S" |
| Length | 4,272.3 mm (168.2 in) |
| Width | 1,816.1 mm (71.5 in) |
| Height | 1,204.0 mm (47.4 in) |
Subaru BRZ STI
 Subaru BRZ Concept STI at 2011 LA Auto Show |
|
| Manufacturer | Subaru |
|---|---|
| Also called | Subaru BRZ prologue |
| Production | 2011 |
First generation (ZN6; 2012-present)
 |
|
| Model years | 2012-Current |
|---|---|
| Body style | 2-door coupe |
| Layout | FR layout |
| Wheelbase | 2570 mm |
| Length | 4240 mm |
| Width | 1775 mm |
| Height | 1285 - 1300 mm |
Design
Engineering
The Toyota designated 4U-GSE engine is a naturally aspirated four-cylinder engine that uses Subaru's horizontally opposed boxer engine as well as Toyota's D-4S injection system which uses both direct and port injection. The engine has a 12.5:1 compression ratio and a bore and stroke of 86 mm that results in 200 horsepower @ 7000 RPM, for the FR-S and BRZ, and 197 horsepower for the Toyota variant, and 151 pound-feet of torque @ 6000 RPM for all three vehicles. As part of FR-S's low weight design, the car utilizes an aluminum hood, a solid roof, and a trunk design as opposed to a hatchback.[24][25]The FR-S, 86 and BRZ will offer two 6 speed transmissions built by Aisin, a manual gearbox and modified automatic transmission from the Lexus IS-F, minus two gears. The automatic uses a traditional wet torque converter design, but its software has been engineered to mimic the response of a dual-clutch gearbox. The automatic transmission uses three different modes, Sport, Snow, and Normal.
When questioned about differences between the Subaru BRZ and the Scion FR-S, Scion hinted at the FR-S being tuned more for sport, while the Subaru was tuned more for ride compliance. Meaning the Subaru could have a softer ride than its Scion counterpart. [26]
The boxer engine sits as far back and as low as possible in the engine bay for an weight distribution of 53% of the weight up front and 47% of the weight in the rear. The low sitting engine provides excellent low center of gravity, which allows the engine to sit lower than the Nissan GTR and just 0.6 inches higher than the Lexus LFA.[24]
The three vehicles use 17 inch diameter wheels 7 inches wide. The wheels are lightweight and wrapped in Michelin tires, similar to those that are found on an upgraded Toyota Prius, but different diameter and width of 215/45. The wheels feature ventilated disc brakes at all four corners with two piston-opposed calipers in the front and single caliper design in the rear. Suspension is MacPherson suspension in the front and double wishbone in the rear.
Interior
The interior features a 2+2 seating configuration which utilizes low mounted front seats. The rear seats fold down enabling increased storage space for larger items.[24]Japanese version
0 komentar:
Post a Comment